Friday, 5 June 2026

Exercise (6.4).8

Let $r_1$ and $r_2$ be incongruent primitive roots modulo $p$ where $p$ is an odd prime. Show that $r_1 \times r_2$ is not necessarily a primitive root modulo $p$.


We will show this with a counter-example.

We start with $r_1=2, r_2=3, p=5$, noting that 2 and 3 are both primitive roots of 5.

We now show that $r_1 \times r_2 = 6$ is not a primitive root of 5.

The following calculations show that 6 is not a primitive root of 5 because the smallest index of 6 such that the result is congruent to 1 is not $\phi(5)=4$.

n2^n mod 53^n mod 56^n mod 5
1231
2441
3321
4111

We can also see this by noting that $6 \equiv 1 \pmod 5 \implies 6^n \equiv 1 \pmod 5$ for any positive integer $n$.