Wednesday, 15 April 2026

Exercise (6.2).8

State the number of integers which have an order modulo $n$ for

(a) $n = 20$

(b) $n = 200$

(c) $n = 2000$

(d) $n = 20 000$


The number of integers that have an order modulo $n$ is those from 1 to $n$ which are co-prime to $n$, that is $\phi(n)$.

(a) $\phi(20) = 20 \times (1-\frac{1}{2}) \times (1-\frac{1}{5}) = 8$

(b) $\phi(200) = 200 \times (1-\frac{1}{2}) \times (1-\frac{1}{5}) = 80$

(c) $\phi(2000) = 2000 \times (1-\frac{1}{2}) \times (1-\frac{1}{5}) = 800$

(d) $\phi(20000) = 20000 \times (1-\frac{1}{2}) \times (1-\frac{1}{5}) = 8000$