Saturday, 24 January 2026

Exercise (4.4).13

Find a prime factor of $M_{1559} = 2^{1559} - 1$ where the index 1559 is prime.


We're given 1559 is an odd prime, so we can try using Propositions (4.23) and (4.24) to find candidate factors. Any prime factor $p$ of $2^q-1$ is of the form $2qk+1$ where $k$ is an integer, and is congruent to $\pm 1 \pmod 8$.

The following table shows candidates that confirm to these constraints.

kP=2*k*(1559)+1p mod 8prime?
131197yes
262375
393553

The first candidate 3119 conforms to the conditions, and a computer algebra systems confirms it divides $M_{1559}$.


So a prime factor of $M_{1559}=2^{1559}-1$ is 3119.


Note: The author's solution uses Proposition (4.21)(a) which is simpler.